Open Market Operations，金融术语，指的是“公开市场业务”，中央银行在货币市场上公开买卖有价证券。货币政策工具之一，其目的是调节货币供应（money supply）。三大货币政策工具之一，分别是：

存款准备金制度 reserve against deposit system

再贴现政策 rediscount policy

公开市场业务 open market operations

根据经济形势的发展，当中央银行认为需要收缩银根时，便卖出证券，相应地收回一部分基础货币，减少金融机构可用资金的数量；相反，当中央银行认为需要放松银根时，便买入证券，扩大基础货币供应，直接增加金融机构可用资金的数量。

参考双语例句：

The PBC uses indirect tools such as interest rates, open market operation, central bank lending, rediscount and reserve requirement, in a flexible manner to influence money supply and maintain the value of currency, contributing effectively to economic growth.

人民银行灵活运用利率、公开市场操作、 再贷款、再贴现、存款，准备金等间接调控手段，调控货币供应量，保持币值稳定，有效地促进了经济增长。

To reduce inflationary pressures as a result of the strong performance of the real sector and increased Government spending, the Central Bank of Nigeria raised its key policy rates in September 2010 and embarked on open-market operations to control liquidity.

为减少因房地产业表现强劲和政府支出增加产生的通货膨胀压力，尼日利亚中央银行于 2010 年 9 月提高主要政策利率，并开始进行公开市场操作以控制流动性。

Supporting enterprise competitiveness requires market-enhancing reforms as well as regulatory frameworks to monitor the operations of the market, including through the design and enforcement of competition and consumer policies and laws, enterprise development and business linkages programmes, and related agencies that can promote the needs of business in particular sectors. daccess-ods.un.org

要提高企业竞争力，需要进行提升市场的改革，还需建立监管框架以监督市场运行，具体工作包括制定并执行竞争和消费政策及法律，制定企业发展和商业联络计划，并设立能够在特定行业增加业务需求的相关机构。

However, in combination with the open capital account, the regime makes it difficult for monetary authorities to manage domestic liquidity, represented by money supply. Monetary authorities thus have less control of the monetary base, which is the total amount of cash in circulation and bank deposits with the monetary authority.

然而，这种汇率制度加上开放的资本账户，使货币当局难以管理主要表现为货币供应量的国内流动性，因此货币当局对基础货币(流通中的现金总量和银行在货币当局的存款)的控制减弱。

The latest economic data shows that at the end of 2012, the broad money (M2) balance was $15.43 trillion (CNY97.42 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 13.8%), and money supply already approaching the $1 trillion threshold; the narrow money (M1) balance was of $4.89 trillion (CNY30.87 trillion, a year-on-year growth of 6.5%), 1.8 percentage points higher than the year-on-year growth rate in the second quarter of 2012, indicating that real economic funds are picking up.

最新公布的经济数据显示，2012年末，广义货币(M2)余额15 .4 3万亿美金（97.42万亿元人民币），同比增长13.8%，货币供给量已经接近百万亿元的高位水平；狭义货币( M1)余额4.89万亿美金（30.87万亿元人民币），同比增长6.5%，比2012年二季度的同比增长率高出1.8个百分点，显示出实体经济资金活跃度的提升。

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